Legal Discourse and Human Rights: The Role of Language in International Courts During Armed Conflicts

Abstract

This article examines the role of language and legal discourse in international courts during armed conflicts and their impact on the protection of human rights. The study explores how linguistic structures, legal terminology, and discourse strategies influence the qualification of war crimes, the interpretation of evidence, and the administration of justice in international judicial institutions. Particular attention is paid to the challenges associated with the use of propaganda, disinformation, hate speech, and manipulative political rhetoric in contemporary conflicts. The research analyzes the transformation of international legal discourse in the context of Russia’s war against Ukraine and highlights the growing importance of linguistic expertise in establishing criminal intent and accountability. The study employs descriptive, analytical, and comparative methods to evaluate international legal practices and judicial approaches. The findings demonstrate that language is not merely a means of communication but also a significant factor in shaping legal outcomes and protecting fundamental human rights. The article emphasizes the need for standardized methodologies for linguistic evidence and greater integration of discourse analysis into international judicial proceedings. It concludes that effective protection of human rights in armed conflicts requires a comprehensive understanding of the relationship between language, law, and power.