Analysis of drought resistance of different wheat and cloning of drought resistance genes

Abstract

As one of the most important crops in the world, wheat plays an indispensable role in our lives. However, the growth process of wheat is affected by drought and other adverse environments. Therefore, it has become an urgent issue to study the drought resistance mechanism of wheat. The aim of this experiment is to analyze and study the drought resistance mechanism of wheat, to find out the genes related to drought resistance of wheat among them, and to carry out molecular experiments to clone the drought resistance genes.The experimental methodology is as follows: Firstly, several different varieties of wheat were analyzed for drought resistance, and they were subjected to water fasting treatment, observed the phenotypic characteristics of different varieties of wheat and selected the two plants with the largest differences to be subjected to PEG simulated drought treatment, and then the phenotypes were observed and the leaves and roots of wheat were taken to be subjected to RNA-seq analysis, and genes that were significantly differentially expressed in both roots and leaves were selected to be subjected to GO and KEGG analyses. The genes related to drought stress that were significantly up-regulated in both leaves and roots were selected as candidate genes and verified by RT-PCR. According to the results of real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (RT-PCR) analysis, the expression levels of the target genes in wheat leaves increased significantly under drought stress conditions, revealing that the genes may play an important role in drought tolerance in wheat. These genes were amplified by PCR and subjected to gel electrophoresis, and we will continue to verify the function of these genes at a later stage. In this experiment, we dug deeper into the mechanism of drought resistance in wheat and searched for drought-related genes to be cloned.GO analysis showed that the differentially expressed genes were mainly water deficit response, cold stress response, etc.; KEGG analysis showed that they were mainly enriched to phytohormone signaling pathway, and finally,we successfully cloned CS5A02G369800, CS7D02G549900, CS6A02G350500, CS7A02G422500, and provided valuable genetic resources for drought-resistant breeding of wheat. The cloning and functional analysis of the genes provide important clues for the in-depth understanding of the drought-resistant mechanism of wheat, and provide favorable information for the genetic improvement and drought tolerance of wheat.