Effect of histone H4K16Q point mutation on xylose metabolism in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Abstract

In today's world, facing the challenges of atmospheric environmental pollution and the depletion of fossil fuels, people begin to attach importance to renewable energy, among which fuel ethanol is considered to be the most promising substitute. Therefore, using lignocellulosic to prepare the second generation of fuel ethanol has become a hot research direction in the field of science. This initiative can not only improve the utilization rate of agricultural and forestry wastes, but also improve the utilization rate of agricultural and forestry wastes. Alleviating the problem of air pollution caused by straw burning can also reduce society's dependence on non-renewable resources such as fossil fuels. Saccharomyces cerevisiae has high sugar and acetic acid tolerance and high ethanol fermentation ability, so it is the first choice for the production of second-generation fuel ethanol. In the production of second-generation fuel ethanol by Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation, lignocellulose can only be absorbed and utilized after hydrolysis to monosaccharides. However, Saccharomyces cerevisiae has a weak utilization capacity of xylose, which is one of the main monosaccharides generated by hydrolysis. Therefore, improving the utilization capacity of xylose has an important role in promoting the industrial production of second-generation fuel ethanol. As an important branch of epigenetics, covalent modification of histones is crucial for cell growth by directly affecting the structure of chromatin and the interaction between protein factors, thus affecting DNA replication, DNA damage repair and gene expression. Common histone modifications include methylation, acetylation, ubiquitination, and fusinization, which mainly occur on lysine and serine residues. In previous studies, amino acids that can be covalently modified in histones are usually mutated into glutamine to simulate the acetylation state of histone amino acids. In view of the fact that histone acetylation tends to loosen the chromatin structure by weakening the static interaction between histones and DNA, thus affecting gene expression, in this study, we mutated lysine (K) at the 16th position of the histone H4 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae to glutamine (Q), so as to explore the effect of histone H4K16Q point mutation on xylose metabolism in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The results showed that the xylose utilization rate and ethanol yield of H4K16Q point mutant strain were lower than that of wild-type strain, which laid a certain theoretical foundation for the effect of protein point mutation on xylose metabolism of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in the next research group. The object of the work is mutant strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The subject is influence of mutation in histone 4 to xylose utilization. The aim of the work is to study xylose metabolism of mutant strain of S. cerevisiae. The tasks of the work are to obtain strain of S. cerevisiae with mutation in histone H4, to study influence of mutation to xylose utilization.