Відетнонімні прізвищеві назви як джерело вивчення міжетнічних контактів запорозького козацтва середини ХVІІІ століття (на матеріалі Реєстру Війська Запорозького Низового 1756 року)

Abstract

У статті на матеріалі Реєстру Війська Запорозького Низового 1756 р. проаналізовано відетнонімні прізвищеві назви в антропонімній системі запорозького козацтва середини ХVІІІ ст. Автор дослідив етимологічні, словотвірні особливості, а також функційну активність відетнонімних прізвищевих назв запорожців. Встановлено, що етнонімний простір реєстру охоплює назви 29 націй, народностей, племен і територіально-етнографічних груп Європи. Загалом на сторінках пам’ятки виявлено 60 відетнонімних прізвищевих назв, носіями яких є 462 запорожці, що складає 3,07% від загальної кількості іменованих.

The names of persons by their ethnicity, place of residence or origin have always played a significant role in replenishing the national anthroponymicon. Family names, which formed from ethnonyms, were especially broadly represented on the border of ethnic junctions, including in the territory of the Zaporozhian Host. The purpose of this article is to outline the circle of those ethnic and territorially-ethnographic groups, the relationships with which were reflected in the anthroponymic system of the Zaporozhian Cossacks in the middle of the XVIII century. Its resolution involves elucidation of etymological and word-forming features, as well as the functional activity of the names, which made from ethnonyms. The synchronous-descriptive method and modes of etymological, semantic and statistical analysis were applied during the work. The ethnographic space of the 1756 Register of the Zaporozhian Host looks relatively representative, as it covers the names of 29 nations, nationalities, tribes and territorially-ethnographic groups of Europe. In total, 60 names, which made from ethnonyms, 462 Cossacks, which are 3.07% of the total number by names, were found on the register pages. By the method of identification, all of them are two-term proper anthroponymic names. By ethno-territorial principle, this group can be divided into 12 subgroups, with the largest number of bearers being East Slavic, West Slavic, and Romance. Of the 60 family names considered, 40 are derived directly from ethnonyms and 20 are secondary patronymic suffixes forms. Most of the ethnonyms underlying the register anthroponyms are formed by the suffix method. The family names of Zaporozhian Cossacks, which formed from ethnonyms, full sufficiently reflect the interethnic contacts of the Cossacks, as well as give a general idea of the ethnic composition of the population of the Zaporozhian Host domains in the middle of the XVIII century. Their etymological analysis shows that almost all of them are either specific Ukrainian formations or entities common to several Slavic languages. The presence of phonetic variants, word-forming and lexical synonyms on the one hand testifies to the synonymous richness of the Ukrainian literary language and, on the other, to the assimilation of perspective phonetic-morphological means and norms. In addition, the monument clearly traces the word-forming tendency of this time – despite the intensification of the suffix -ець these basic in ethnonymic formations continued to be inherited from the Old Russian era suffix -ин (12 examples).